= 8—

2. Zeitlich drückt es eine Annährung an einen Zeitpunkt ch, doch beginnt es in dieſer Bedeutung zu veralten. Z. B.: Her mother and she contrived to fit up the baby's cradle for me against night. Swift. Gull. II. 2, 129. I want them kept handsome against the time I take you up to your uncle's plantation. Unc. T's cab. II. 6, 75. As when a flock of ravenous fowl throught many a league remote, Against the day of battle, to a field Where armies- lie encamp'd come flying. Milt. P. L. 10, 273. They will talk of state; for every one doth so Against a change. Sh. R. II. 3, 4. I will unto Venice To buy apparel'gainst the wedding day. Sh. Tam. 2, 1. 3

3. Bei Vergleichen und Maaßbeſtimmungen drückt es unſer„gegen“ aus: Can the reports of a boor weigh in your breast against my tried affection Sherid. Riv. 3, 2. It stood out in fine relief against the off-hand, dashing amateur-pickpocket-sort of manner which distinguished Mr. Pottes. Dick. Sk. Ch. 11, 202. If, against all probability, he should happen to survive this horrible infliction, he was to be kept close prisoner during life. Mac. H. of E. 4, 55. He who knew that wit had little power against facts. Johns. L. of E. p. I, 231.

4. Endlich wird against bei einem Gegenſatz und einer feindlichen Geſinnung gebraucht und durch„gegen“,„wider“ überſetzt. Z. B.: A person of quality was dispatched with the copy of the articles against me. Swift. Gull. I, 8, 102. His hands will be against every man, and every man's hand against him. Gen. 16, 12. We know the period at which the emergency will arise and provide against it accordingly. Dick. Sk. Sc. 22, 177. The exclusionists lately so powerful, might rise in arms against him. Mac. H. of E. 4, 41. The burgesses of Wigan assured their sovereign that they would defend him against all plotting Achitophels and rebellious Absalons. Ib. 48. I've always had a prejudice against negroes. Unc. T's cab. II, 6, 69. To take refreshment against the fatigues of the following day. Vic. of W. 3, 10.

Seltner findet ſich against in der Bedeutung des franz. vis-à-vis wie in der Stelle Milt. P. L. 8, 531. Superior and unmov'd her only weak Against the charm of Beauty's powerful glance.

Aloft aus dem agſ. on lyfte(in aere), das wieder dem altnord. à lopi nachgebildet iſt, entſtanden, kömmt jetzt nur noch in der Poeſie vor und entſpricht unſerm deutſchen„über“,„oben“, „in der Höhe“. Z. B.: I was amazed Under the tide but now I breathe again Aloft the flood. Sh. J. 4, 2.

Along mit ſeiner Nebenform alongst, ſchottiſch endlong, kömmt aus dem agſ. And-ong (in die Länge geſtreckt). Im Agſ. gab es übrigens in derſelben Bedeutung noch die Formen andlong, ondlang, anlang, nebſt alang und olong; andelong, endelong und endlong. Im Altnord. findet ſich endlangr und endilangr. Im Däniſchen dient für along die zuſammengeſetzte Präpo⸗ ſition langs-med, im Holl. ſchlechthin langs. Im Lettiſchen iſt gar für dieſe Bedeutung, doch kömmt auch sezzen oder sezz' vor, das von sekt(sequor) abgeleitet iſt*). Im Franz,, Ital. und Span. ſind ähnliche Bildungen, fr. le long de, ital. lungo, ſpan. à lo largo de. Die Bedeutung

*) Lettiſche Grammat. A. Bielenſtein p. 308.