74 Observations on Ploughing, Sc.[Aug-

Tt is greatly to be wished that a breed of horses Suitable for the plough and the team, was encouraged witbin the circle of the Manchester Society; of moderate Size, and in form and Strength, like the farmers' horses in Norfolk and Suffolk, or the Stallions of Mr. Summerland, of Uitozeter.

In the construction of ploughs great improvements have been made, and these implements are as various, as the pur- poses for which they are intended, and the Situation and na- ture of the country in which they are employed. In general they are all made on a much lighter construction than for- merly.;

An account was transmitted to me by the Secretary of the Bath Society, Shewing what may be done by two horses abreast without a driver. One of the candidates had his horses So well trained, that they worked wzthouf reins.

In various parts of this country, the Society of Agriculture at Manchester, have adjudged premiums to ploughmen for Pploughing land, with iwo horses abreast and without a driver, and this even in strong Soils.

In the county of Roxburgh, the Rotheram swing plough 15 generally used, and drawn by two horses or oxen abreast, and managed by one man. Mot of the horses are 80 tho- roughly trained, as to obey the voice, and Seldom to need either ibe whip or the rein.

Many of the ploughmen are exceedingly expert, and take Pleasure in keeping their horses in good condition and disci- Pline, and in making complete work.

From Mr. Erskine, of 42/04, near Stirling, 1 have received a very interesting detail of the ploughing matches, which, under his direction, have been carried on with the greatest benefit, for Sixteen years past, in the county of Clackman- Nun.

He observes on the quantity of work done in a day, that in calculating it, great attention Should be paid to the thickness of the furrow Slice, and the quickness of the horses Step.

He states that, in his country, the usval breadth of the furrow Slice, is from nine to ten inches, and from five to Six inches deep.

Mr. Erskine, then caleulates the number of yards that a plough team travels, in ploughing a given quantity of ground, according to the variations in the furrow slice« For ex- ample--

I€ this is fen inches broad, the horses travel, in ploughing three roods'of ground, without including the turnings, 16,440 vards, or, one mile one furlong, three-tenths per hour, Sup- Posing the three r00ds to be completed in eigat hours; it it is