*+* 174 Observations on the Act,&c.[Sept,

debt he has Secured to himself and to every other minister the monied interest, or even of this new expedient to obtain the remaining suffrage of the Jand imterest in his favour; these are points which are well deserving'the attention of the patriot, the Statesman, and the philosopher, but are wbolly inconsistent with the devign of this disquisition.

My next enquiry is then, not what is the cause, but what is the effect of this bounty? And here it js necessary t0 con= ider, what has been called the natural and market price of Commodities.

When the price of any article is only equal to the dis- charge of the rent of the land, tbe wages of the labour, and the interests of the Stock engaged in raising, preparing, and bringing it to market, the commodity has then been Sold, for what may be called its natural price.

The actual price at which any article is Sold, is called its market price, and this may be either more or less, or exactly the Same with the natural price.|

Writers on commercial economy have likewise distinguish- ed what they have called an efiectual demand.“ The'mar- ket price of every commodity," Say they,“is regulated by the proportion between the quantity which is actually brought to market, and the demand oi those who are willing to pay the natural price of the commodity, or me whole value of the rent, labour, and profit, which must be paid in order to bring it thither. Such people may be called the effectual demanders, and their demand the effectual demand."

The natural price is the central point to which the prices of all commodities are continually gravitativg. dt has, therefore, been the custom in numerous branches of trade that have been considered beneficial to the country, to give to the follewers of them exclusive privileges, in order that an artißcial price might be obtained, exceeding the Datural Price, as an extraordinary reward for the application of their industry in the direction considered most beneficial. IF these immunities, which were granted 50 liberally in the üme of our favourite princess were right and politic in the euvpport of particular trades, it may be diflicult to explain why Some exclusive advantages Should not be granted to aoriculiure, in which tbe very existence of our extensive population depends; and let those who have resisted the Present bounty, and who have represeited the minister as, base and venal for the late concession to the farming interest, reflect for a moment, if it be not a vecessary Counterpoise to the lavish granis from he conclusion ot the Sixteentl gentury to the present'time in favour of lie commercial gysStem» 1s it not the more expedient to encourage agtt- Eulturg from the gonszideration, that in this pursüit, dißler-