2
ats Book I. AGRICULTURE OF THE ROMANS. 19 BH fo convenience. The remains of villas which have reached modern times, are chiefly ‘4 e of brick stuccoed over, Pliny mentions walls in Africa and Spain, called formacii, the aus 10
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ced by 1s, of a th such l, when it shall Homer mmer; re hody alladius that, if such a iter and .(Var, la shall ver than ie pros- ticularly In warm climates n any of id giving
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uctuaria; h respect stica cOn- d poultry necessary idence of arren for ; or more contained 1s, barns,
e situated ny one to 1 by these a urbana;
formation of which, by cramming the earth between two boards, exactly agrees with the
as for the French mode of building mud walls, called en pise. He also mentions walls of unburnt refore we brick, of mud, of turf, and frames filled up with bricks and mud.(Nat. Hist. lib, xxxy. ) authors, cap. 14.) Sussecr. 2. Of the Servants employed in Roman Agriculture. 15 follows: 85. The servants employed in Roman agriculture were of two sorts, freemen and slaves. : When the proprietor or farmer lived on the farm and directed its culture, these were fe
directly under his management; in other cases there was a bailiff or overseer, to whom all the other servants were subordinate. This was the case so early as Cato’s time, who is very particular in his directions respecting the care a bailiff ought to take of the servants, the cattle, the laboring utensils, and in enacting his master’s orders.
86. The bailiff was generally a person who had received some education, and could write and keep accounts; and it was expected that he should be careful, apt to learn, and capable to execute his master’s orders with a proper attention to situations and
the villa circumstances. Columella, however, says, that‘¢ the bailiff may do his business ve J.-.> 5 yammed though he is illiterate.’
according his master oftener th
ry well,
Cornelius Celsus says, that‘* such a bailiff will bring money to
an his book; because, being ignorant of letters, he is the less capable te 2