— 14—

According to the New Code of the Education Department, the following Classes of Teachers are recognised:

1) for one school year Cundidates on probation, being over 13 years of age and having passed an Examination in Standard V or VI in the three elementary subjects and two class subjects;

2) Pupil-Teachers, boys or girls not being less than 14 years when beginning, engaged on condition of teaching during school hours under the superintendence of the principal teachers and receiving instruction;

3) Assistant-Teachers, that is to say Pupil-Teachers who passed satisfactorily either the examination for the last year of their engagement or that for admission into a Training Col- lege, called the„Queen's scholarship examination“. Art. 51 of the New Code runs as follows: „Graduates of any university in the United Kingdom, and women over 18 years of age, who have passed University examinations recognised by the Department, may be recognised as assistant teachers.“ It is very much to be regretted that by this Article persons are al- lowed to instruct in Board Schools who may have had no practice at all in teaching. That, is quite impossible in our Elementary Schools;

4) Prorisionalli Certificated Teachers, only such Pupil-Teachers, after the satisfactory com- pletion of their engagement, as have obtained a place in the first class in the Queen's scholar- ship examination and are specially recommended by the Inspector on the ground of their: practical skill as teachers;

5) Certificated Teachers(45,434 in 1889); the proper teachers who have passed the Go- vernment examinations and undergone probation by actual service in school, having obtained two favourable reports from an Inspector, with an interval of at least one year between them. The shortest period of probation is 18 months. Although the certificate is not issued, until the probationary period is closed, teachers under probation are regarded as Certificated Teachers;

6) Additional Female Teachers, women over 18 years of age approved by the Inspector, employed during the whole of the school hours in the general instruction of the scholars and in teaching needle-work;

7) Erening School Teachers, viz: persons over 18 years of age approved by the In- spector as teachers of Evening Schools.—

At an Elementary School with several teachers, the principal or head teacher has several duties to perform, viz: The admission and daily attendance of the scholars are carefully registered by him or under his supervision. As a general rule, he must be certi- ficated and must not be under 25 years of age. He has to take care especially of the instruction of Pupil-Teachers.

Mr. Ball, Head Teacher of Oldfield Road School, had been 7 years in a Training Col- lege(from 14 to 21), and had passed a„remarkably good examination.“ He had very much to do as Head Teacher; he had to write many letters, sometimes to the parents, sometimes to his superiors. The proper keeping of the Registers took him a good deal of time. He showed me his Records, and I was astonished at their length and size.

Whilst each teacher has a special class for himself, this is not the case with the Head Teacher, who goes round the different classes giving instruction. He has a separate room to himself, where his Papers are. In this room there were also some forms or benches.

The Superiors of the Head Teacher are the Managers of the School and the Inspector of the respective School District.

The control and management of schools is placed under the care of committees of. Local Managers.“ The most important of the duties devolving on managers is the choice of Head Teachers and their assistants. Moreover, they have to visit the Schools whenever they think fit, to see that the instruction is given in accordance with the regulations, and to examine, periodically, the teachers' returns.

See The Code of Regulations for the School Board of London, 1st August, 1889.