1805.] History. 63

vated. But experiments have lately been made, which prove thatboth wal- nut and mulberry trees may be readily made to produce fruit-at three years old 3; and there appears every reaſon to believe that the ſame mode of Culture would be equally luccelsful in ſimilar caſes.:

In training wall trees, there is much in the modern practice which! ap- Pears defed&ive and irrational: no attention whatever is paid to the form which the ſpecies or variety naturally aſſumes; and be its growth upright or pendant, it is conſtrained to take preciſely the iameform on the wall

The constru&ion of torcing houſes appears allo to be generally very de-

eSive, and two are rarely conſtrufted alike, though intended for the lame purpo'es; probably not a ſingle building of this kind has yet been eirected, in which the greateſt poſſible quantity of ſpace has been obtained, and of light and heat admitted, proportionate to the capital expended. It may even be queſtioned, whether a ſingle hot bed has ever been made in the most ad- vantageous form; and the proper application of glass, where artificial heatis not employed, is certainly very ill understood,

Every gardener is welt acquainted with the methods of applying manure, with SucCtess,» to annual plants; for theſe, as Evelyn has justly obſerved, 4< having but little time to fulfil the intentions of Nature," readily aceept nutriment in almost any form in which if can be offered them: but trees, being formed for periods of longer duration, are frequently much injured by the injudicious and exceſlive uſe ot manure« The gärdener is otten igno- rant of this circumistance; and not unfrequently forms a compost for/his wall trees, which for a few years Stimulating them to preternatural exertion, becomes the ſource of diſeaſe, and early decay.

It is alſo generally Suppoſed that the ſame ingredients, and in the fame proportion to each other, which are best calculated to bring one variety of any ſpecies of fruit to perfection, are equally well well adapted-.to every to every other variety of that Species: But experience does not justify this conclußon: and the peach, in many Soils, acquires a high: degree of per- fetion, where its variety, the nedarine, is comparatively ot little value; and the ned&arine frequently poſſeſſcs its full favour in 4 ſoil which does not well ſuit the peach. The fame remark is allo applicable to the pear and.apple 3; and as defe&s of oppoſite kinds occur in the varieties of every ſpecies of fruit, thofe qualitiee in the s;1 which are beneficial in ſome caſes, will be found injurious in others. In thoſe districts wüere the apple and pcar-are culti- vatedfor cider and perry, much of the ſucdels of the planter 1s tound to de- pend on his ſkil], or good fortune, in aday ting his fruits to-the-(oil.

The preceding remarks are applicable to a part on1y of he orjects- which the Horticultural Society have in view; but they'apply to that part in which the practice of the modern gardener is conceived' to be most defeetive,- and embrace 1no inconfideraoble field of improvement.

In the execution of their plan, the Committee feel that the ſocicty have many difficulties to encounter, and, they fear, of prejudices» to contend with; but they have long been convinced, as individuals, and their aggre- gate obſervations have tended only to increaſe their convi&ion, that there fcarce exiſts a fingle ſpecies of eſculent plant or fruit, which(relative'to the uſe of man) has vet attained its ütmost Stäie of perfetion; nor any branch of pradtical HorticvIture which is' not still Suſceptible ot eiſential im- Provement; and under theſe impreſſions, they hope to receive the ſupport and aſſiſtance of thoſe who are interested in, and capable of promoting; the luccels of-their endeavoüts«

FAIRS anp MARKETS.: Broomſgrove fair, on June 74, was abundantly ſupplied with fat cattle. Fat beatts fetched from 7d- to 7id.. Sheep and lambs from 74. to 52d. nKk- ing the offal, Belt wool zed.„er Ib» A very large Mew oi gova hörles, wbich fetched very higb prices,