1804.] On Drill Husbandry, Hoeing, Te, 83

its moisture in it, and ploughed in zmnmediately afterwards, depositing the turnip-Seed as Soon as poszible after the Seed- turrow. By Such management, great quantities of, the weeds are destroyed by the plough after having vegetated, and the turnip-5eed applied to the Soil, while its moisture(and that of the dung) is fresh. Attention to these matters Seems neces- Sary in the raising of many kinds of crops, but is not more 50 in any operations whatever than in the culture of turnips. I perfectly agree with P.J. however, that the existence of the drill-husbandry does not absolutely depend on the horse-hve; and that the breadth of the intervals Should, im Some measure, depend upon the quality and condition of the land. Bat if the intervals are as wide on poor as on rich Soils, the plants, either of corn or turnips, Should not be 50 near each other in the latter as the former. 1 have experienced advantages from drilling corn, with intervals of 10 inches,(on middling land) without any hoeing whatever.'Phese were, that the produce, both of corn and straw, was rather greater than that of the contiguous br&ad cast corn, and that I Saved about three or four ShillingSs an acre in the article of Seed. It is necessary to remark, however, that the crops Succeeded a turnip-Crop, on land perfectly clean, and not Subject to weeds of any kind. If it had, there can be no doubt but the drilled erops would have been inferior to the other; for the open and airy Spaces, (the intervals) would have favoured the growth of weeds, and rendered them more Juxuriant than they could have been under the closeness of. the broad-cast erops; consequently, they would, in a greater degree, have robbed the corn of its food. In most Situations, however, hoeing is necessary; and though complete hand-hoeing may be accomplished at an ex- pence not exceeding the amount of the Seed Saved by drilling, yet there can be no doubt that horse-hoeing is much cheaper, and,(where the intervals are of suficient width) much more tertilizing.

In Norfolk, as in many other distriets, I can readily con- ceive, that the labourers will be awkward at, and averse to the introduction of any mode of culture or hoeing to which they have not been accustomed. In Such cases, it is only by the presence and persevering zeal of the farmer himselt, that Such obstacles to Improvement can be Satisfactorily Surmounted; and[ would entertain but little doubt of being able, by actual experiment, speedily to convince the labourers, in any part of the kingdom, that turnips on raised drills, with broad intervals, can be much easier, and more regularly hoed, and at a much Smaller expence than in the broad-cast method, or that with narrow intervals. In this quarter(whece the whole'of the fallow land is Sown with turnips) the hand-hoeing of our tur=