236 Tonprovements on th& Water Wheel,[Oct.

in a very limited way; but those of kuf readers who have pur- Sued their journey, ör rather voyage, along the dykes of Bata» via, Will have Seen the impulse wl water employed in a thou- Sand forms to Min be employment of animals 4'rF0T0N IR cons liun vertere, 13 a familiar proverb, and: tlie necessity tO wbith' be Ü DRE bave been ex poscd vf avotding the in- TFCASE'of animals on the narrow tract of country to which th;Ey are Confned, has led them to the most ingenious conunivances in Practical mechanics.

Tue vb] ectiän to our common water-v: heel 15, that it does not receive he Stream 61. bove one third of its Crcumierence, 10: tit meets" with a Coniside»rable oppozition tfom be SÜrface in the plünge, and that it is greatly counterac(ed in riSing, from the weight vf' Water its Construction OCcCCasions it to ralSe.-= Fortuvately, Mr. Norton-ot this city, bas invented an 11g€C- ions mode of avo) idinz these ili conSequences of the common construction oi the mächine: He applies a Screw, either bo- rizontally, vertically, or obliquely, to.tbe impulse of the. water, and in Such a way, that the Screw may receive a motion from zhe water round its own axis; and being applied to, and con- nected with, any of tbe En known Wachinery used in mill work, Shall produce and communicate to the Said machmery,

Such motion and effects as way produce the gevperal purpozes 6 a water-mill. He wakes the Screw of wood, ir0n, COPPECy, or any other material te ci cumstance of Size, place,&C, 1nay require, and either with Single or double threads, and with one, two, or more threads, and deeper and less deep in the Mina as the circumstances may require.

It wifl'be 5cen by this account bat tbe wheel is calculated to meet ihe Stream near the Surface, and that the Screw taking the bottom of the Strcam, which is heavier and Stronger, M working under the vessel that carries the mill work, 15 not likely to be damaged.

From tbe Screw ot Archimeves to the screw of Mr. Norton, perbaps there has been vo"more ingenious contrivance for the cofstruction of a water-mill of this kind. Mr. Parent of tbe Academy of Sciences, bad in view the ordinary ladle boards, or float boards, when ne“ determined the greatest effect of an undershot wheel to be when is velocity 15 equal to the third

art of the velocity of the water that driv ES 1»:

It may be interesting to Some of your readers, if they will refer to the account of water-wheelz, R DEERE s Experim. Ph]. vol. IE p. 422, etinlra, And also'to a vaitety of expe- runents and observyations, relating to under-Shotl and over-Shot wbeels, by Mr. Smeaton, in Pil:" Vians."vob. IE. D. 400.--- These are already before, the Public, and would therefore be unproperly introduced ou the MATISSE pages ot your mis- cellany. 1 am, S0.&C,

Londor, 30, Sept. 1803. 0.8: