2185 Manufactures and Useful Arts.[Sept.

out, which is apt to deceive him; whereas on this principle he is governed by the deſcent of the ſounding-weight only, without any regard to the length of the line, except in caſe of vſing the reel. The improvements in the rota4 tors are the invention of the air-tubes, and the method of adjuſting or regu- Jating it. A rotator on this principle will'anſwer both quick and flow ſail» ing, and;give the true diſtance without danger 6f' its breäking the regiſter in quick ſailing, by holding too much water. A ſmall ſteel guage is attached to the rotator, which will hew any accident it may meet with.: Ney application of the Steam Engine.-- The American Engineer Fulton, who invented the ſub-marine boat, exhibited on the xoth of Auguſt a novel machine for the entertainment of the Pariſians. For ſome time before there appeared at the quay de Chaillot a boat wearing an odd appearance, having a large whecl on each ſlide faſtened to an axle Jike-that of a chariot; behind was a large ſtove, which was underſtood to be a ſmall(team engine. Onthe 1oth, he, with the aſliſtance of three perlons only, put his machine in mo- tion, drawing two other boats in her rear. The wheels, which move regu- larly, were armed with a ſort of flat blades, or oars,(0 placed as effectually to take hold of the water. Againſt the current of the Seine ir went at the rate of 2 500 toiſes(about three miles) the hour. Width the ſtream its pro« gZreis was much more conſiderable. It manceuvred to the right and left with facility, and, if improved by Engliſh artiſts, might be made uſeful to our canals. 18/7: Manufa&tures.--“One of the moſt ingenious and elegant of our manufac= tures, is that of Straw Hats for the ladies. There is not in the whole range of Britiſh manufa&ures, another inſtance, in which a material of ſo Imall ex« Pence, can be wrought by art to bring ſo high a price. Itis a'fa&,' that 2 Pound of ſtraw, of the value of one halfpenny, when manufa&ured:to the ut4 moſt perfedtion ot ſtraw hat work, is ſold for not leſs than eighteen guineas 1 In Hertfordſhire alone, not fewer than 20,000 perſons earn their bread bz: th& ſtraw-work, No other labour of the hands is paid at ſo high a rate.'“One eld man, known to the writer of theſe particulars, was two years ago ſcarce worth as. many Millings, at the end ot. one week, as there were- days in'the week following."He became a dealer in the ſtraw-work; and'he now pays and receives ſeveral hundred pounds, every week, with adequate profit».+s "The improvements in the application of the powers of mechaniſm, to the performance of works which could not formerly be done otherwiie than by the immediate ad of tbe human hand, are remarkably exemplified in the at< tempt which now begins to be made or the Colne in Hertfordſhire, to draw ſheets of paper from the pulp of the mill, by a machine alone which the hu« man arm diretts but remotely,| The art of drawing Meets of paper from the Pulp is peculiarly delicates Still more-admirable will be the ſkill'of effetting this by machinery tlian that which ſpins cotton-yarn and performs ſo many other groffer labours by ſimilar means.:*-:% The accidents ſo often fatal'to the lives of ſeamen, in weighing anchor, are totally prevented by tlie newly diſcovered improvement on the Capftan. By a ſimple addition to the Capſtan;.the anchor;can at: all times be weigbed, without ever ſurging the Meſſenger, or the very great danger attending that ſervice, and in leſs than half the uſual time required, which, at a moment like the preſent, when tne. anchor is* in continual' uſe, is hot; an immaterial ceircumſtance,. The Admiralty and Navy Boards have, we find, ordercd thig addition to. the Capftans of all the King's ſhips; and which example is follows ed by the Ealt India Company for'their ſhips, and 4s-getting into uſe in the merchants' ſervice, as their. Ihips go into dock... 4.5.05 Hv ven The Royal Humane''Society have awarded to Mr. Knight Spencer, of Bread-ſtreet, Cheaplfide, their honorary flver medallion, for the invention of a Marine Spencer, for tbe preſervatiun of. lives in caſes of hipwreck, or other accidents at. fea, This ſpencer conſiſts of a girdie to fit the body, fix inches broad, compoſed of about 300 old tavern corks Strung upon a Krong wirg