162 Deſcription of Mr. Quayle’s Pen-Trougb.[March

reſolve in that direGion, ſo as to run lefs riſk of being choaked or injured by any rubbiſh or ſones coming through the pen- trough, to which another advantage is added, namely, by laying the water on thus from behind the top of the wheel, none is loſt by daſhing over it, or by the ſhrouds, as all the water and power uſually ſo miſs-ſpent,muſt by this mode be exerted againſt che wheel.

The depth of the pen-trough might be fill further reduced, if it was not for the circumſtance of the water riſing to extraor- dinary height at the moment the wheel is firſt ſet in motion: but the depth of the ciſtern probably could not be well diminiſhed; as it will reguire 22 inches or 2 feet head, to throw the water into the buckets with ſufficient impetus to a& on the firſt buckets, until it reaches the point where gravity begins to a& with advantage.

This mill had formerly only one water wheel, but from what information I could obtain, there was every reaſon to prefer hav- ing two, which mode I therefore adopted. Where water is deficient in ſummer, a great waſte is occaſioned when' there is but one large wheel; nearly the ſame quantity of water being expended whether much or little work is wanted. By having the three ſkuttles as deſcribed in the pian, the miller can manage them with the ſame eaſe as if there was but one in the uſuabway.

Although this method of retaining water in or uſing it from a reſervoir, where its depth is ſubje& to great variations, is not ſo minutely accurate as it might be made; yet for a corn-mill the de- livery of water by the preſent plan will be found ſufficiently re- gular to anſwer every purpoſe.

With reſped to the particular caſe I have now ſtated to you, L can affure you that had the preſent plan been adopted by my predeceílor, it would have occaſioned a ſaving of above 3ool. in the repairs I have been obliged to make. j

I was the more induced to take the ſtep by my obſervations in various parts of Great Britain and Ireland, where in many of even very extenſive works wrought by water, groſs errors on this ſubje( are ſuffered to exiſt: one inſtance particularly, in the north of England, I could mention of conſiderable iron works, where above half the water is abſolutely waſted.

As it is very fair to ſuſpe& a man will be rather partial to his own ſchemes; I ſhall beg leave to adduce, as a ſort of proof of the utility of my plan, the opinion of a man who cannot be ſuſpe@ted of partiality-or indifference. The miler, who held this corn mill for many years before this alteration, and continues to hold it, has conſented to an advance of 585 per cent. on the former rent.

Some of the advantages‘ariing from my plan are, that the pen-trough which conveys the water from the reſervoir to the wheel coíts much leſs money than the deep open troughs uſed at