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OF NOTTINGHAMSHIRE. 35

The refuse is kidded up for the bakers and family use; the nogeging ends unconverted, are brought into my own yard and burnt as coal, making the quickest and best burning fire possible, and the pleasantest, never sparkling or flying in the least. I used to raise a great quantity from seed. In this case I used to pare and burn a piece of my worst land, on which I sowed turnips, eat them off early, and ploughed the ground immediately, and harrowed it well. By this means the land was immediately in order for the seed, which I harrowed well in any time before the winter, which I prefer, as the plants will grow the sooner and make greater progress by coming out of the ground earlier than if this business was delayed till the spring. They will grow in great abundance sown broad-cast like corn, and be a nursery for years, leaving a sufficient quan- tity for a plantation at last. The seed may be easily taken from bearing trees, by cutting the branches before it is quite ripe in August, and may be threshed out with a flail as corn, as soon as the branches dry,a little. By this means I can, in the course of a few hours, get as much seed as would sow an acre or two of land, at the rate of two strikes or bushels to the acre. I raise few in this way now, as I can furnish myself with seedling plants at one shilling per 1000 for taking up and seine the same at three shillings per ditto.‘These are taken up with small balls of earth, as are the Scotch firs, which I grow and plant out in this way, at four and five shillings, including the expence. of taking up. These plants(whenever I plant them) do not seem to be sensible of their removal, and are carried with my own teams to the planting ground at no expence worth mentioning. The size of the Scotch fir then taken up, are from two to three and four feet high, and I do not lose one in a thousand, except by some ac- cident. I have forgot to say that I make rails of my birch, tray, and gate bags first shaving off the bark. The rails frequently are used to get up a aes quick hedge on my, bad land, so well do they wear; and I prefer them, for D 2