22» AGRICULFURAL SURVEY

(generally called here, simply, seeds) which is scarce so old in the kingdom as the beginning of this century, and much later in this county, it was usual to get five crops run- ning; oats or peas, barley, rye, oats, and lastly skegs,* tien leave the land to recover itself as it could by rest. The introdution of turnips was of great improvement in insuring a good crop of barley after being fed off with sheep;+ but still, till within these few years, it was not usual to lay down with seeds. At present, the culture of a break, well managed, may be stated to be—Break up for, 1. turnips, laying ten quarters of lime an acre; 2. bar- ley; 3. rye, sometimes wheat; 4. oats, with seeds, 27. ¢. white clover, and rye grass, which are mown for hay, and then thrown open. But the greatest improvement has been made in the forest lands permanently inclosed.{

Amongst these deserves to be named, in the first place, Clumber Park, belonging to his Grace the Duke of New- castle, between ten and eleven miles round, and containing in the whole about 4000 acres, which may be said to be a new creation within these thirty years: at which time it was a black heath full of rabbits, having a narrow river running through it, with a small boggy close or two. But now, besides a magnificent mans ion, and noble lake and river, with extensive plantations, which will be particularly noticed. hereafter, above 2000 acres are brought into a regular and excellent course of tillage: maintaining at the same time between three and four thousand sheep, ee are all in his Grace’s own occupation.

The following courses and practices of husbandry, used

* Vide Appendix, No. IL.

+ Ihave met with a praétice lately in Lincolnshire which may perhaps de- serve imitation, viz. in order to make the turnip-tops of use, which are gene- rally almost entirely wasted, to draw the fore teeth of culled ewes, which will then get fast on the tops without biting a root of the turnip.—=—-R, Lowe.

{ Vide Appendix, No, III. and No. IV.