to the Second Volume.

be cultivated by fomebody; but he would advife every friend of his to have nothing to do with them; never to be captivated with feeing large crops upon the land; for he does not fee at the fame time the expenfes at which they are raifed.”

It is fiated that“ peat, bog, moor and fen in many variations are very profitable but the expenfes of improvement demand a calculating head. The vicinity of lime or marl is then of great importance.”

He fays that, in refpect to grafs lands, the marks for judgment are different, Thefe are beft examined by attending, firft, to the cireumftances in which they are moft deficient; and then to fuch as are in their favour. The more feafons grafs fields are viewed in the better; though any one is fufficient for a tolerable judg ment. One evil attending thefe lands is, that of being too wet; the figns of which can never be miftaken or overlooked in any feafon of the year. In winter, it is at once perceived by walking on it; at all times of the year by the herbage which generally abounds on it; fuch as rufhes, flags, and a great quantity of mofs; and alfo by the colour of the grafs, which is moftly blue at the points, fometimes of a dirty yellow hue, and always coarfe. If the foil is the firft defcribed,{tiff clay, and the furface level, the evil will be very difficult of cure; if of the other fort of clay, or fliff loams, draining will have great effets. Grafs fields on gravelly foils are, if the gravel is fharp, very apt to burn in dry fummers: but they give great and{weet crops in wet ones, provided the land isa gravelly loam. An abfolute gravel fhould never be under grafs. A farmer fhould not, however, regret having a pafture or two of this fort in his farm, being of excellent ufe in winter for feeding fheep and lambs on with turnips,&c. The low meadows, whatever the foil, on the banks of the rivers and brooks, are in general good, but often fubje&t to the mif- fortune of being overflown in fummer; which not only ruins crops of hay before they are cut, but carries them away perhaps when juft made. Many grafs fields, on all foils, confift of fo bad an herbage as.to be of little value; made up of: weeds, and.the worft and coarfeft of graffes: if a landlord will not allow fuch to be ploughed, the farmer fhould-minute the rent accordingly. This fault is vifible at all feafons.. A river that does not overflow, running through a farm, isa very favourable circumftance, as it indicates a probability of all the grafs fields being well watered, that is, for cattle. And in many cafes it may be converted to the pur- pofe of irrigating the land.

If the climate be mild, and the lands well theltered from the effects of the north and eafterly winds by tracts of high grounds or woods of fome extent, they are in many cafes circumftances of a favourable kind, efpecially where much of the farm is to be conducted under the grazing fyftem.