590' Cultivation of Arable Land—Beans.

crop is even put into the fame land, the turnips being fold off in the atttunin and replaced by col/ards, for the purpofe of greens in the following fpring. This, according to Mr. Middleton, is the pra€tice in fome places in Middlefex. It is a method of cultivation that can, however, only be attempted on the warn and fertile kinds of turnip foil, and where the pea crops are early; on the cold heavy and wet defcriptions of land, it is obviocufly impraGicable.

With the marrowfat and other late forts of peas, the ufual practice is to either prepare the land for wheat, or to put in crops of favoys or ether late forts of cabbages, which are methods of hufbandry that may often be had recourfe to, even on the more heavy forts‘of land, with fuccefs. From pea crops rendering the lands on which they are cultivated’more light, open, and porous, they are fuppofed to be lefs proper for preceding wheat than thofe of beans; on the more ftiff forts‘of ground this cannot, however, be an objection of any great confequence, and even on the lighter kinds it may often be obviated, by giving the feed earth early, fo that the crop may be put in upon a ftale furrow, by the ufe of the fheep-fold, either immediately before or after the grain is depofited in the foil, and by repeating the fame prattice occafionally afterwards, as well as by rolling.

The portion of peas that is not confumed as human food is moftly appro- priated to the purpofes of fattening hogs and other forts of domeftic animals; and, in particular inftances, fupplies the place of beans as the provender of la- bouring horfes; but care fhould be taken, when ufed in this way, that they be fufficiently dry, az, when given in their green ftate, they are faid to be apt to produce the gripes.

‘Beans.—This is a fpecies of crop that may be cultivated to much advantage

.on the more heavy wet kinds of land, which are improper for moft other forts

of crops, both on account of the utility of the produce, and the improvement that is effected in the nature of fuch foils; as by this means, as has been al- ready feen, the ground may in many cafes be rendered proper for the growth of wheat, without having recourfe, as has been ufually done, to the unecono- mical pra€lice of preparing it by a naked fallow.

‘There are different kinds of beans cultivated in different diftrifts, according

to the intentions of the farmers, and the nature of the foils; but they may be

fufficiently diftinguifhed by dividing them into field and garden beans. Of the firft fort the common horfe-bean is the moft generally cultivated on the ftrong Jands, as it is found to grow to a greater height in the ftem, and of courfe to cover the furface of the land more effeCtually. The tick bean is, however, fup-