Implements of Hufbandry.—Carts.

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In fa& the Cumberland farmers, and thofe of fome other counties, are fully

horfe kind. This of view by an accurate obferver, and found in almoft every inftance to be greatly fuperior to waggons, oF tumbrils, for almoft all the various purpofes of the farm*.

convinced that very ye reat advantages are derived from ufing carts of the fingle- srt of cart has likewife been compared in many different points

Where fmall carts are employed, it is frequently the cuftom to have different forts for different purpofes; thofe of the clofe kind being principally employed in carry-

ine out dung, compoft, and fuch-like compact heavy materials; while others made of oO

a kind of frame-work are occafionally placed on the fame wheels, and ufed for conveying bulky loads, fuch as corn in the ftraw, hay, and other fimilar fubftances, and which are in confequence denominated corm and hay carts. But the fmall cart, which is termed farmer’s-cart, as well as moft of the{mall-fized carts, and all thofe of the larger kinds, by having ladders attached to them at the ends and fides, may be conveniently employed for all the purpofes of the farmer, without the trouble, inconvenience, and expence, of fucha number of different forts of carts.

A very convenient and ufeful form of cart for almoft all farming purpofes, efpe- cially in hilly diftri€ts, is in ufe in fome parts of Wales, as about Llandillo; it is commonly drawn by three horfes, one in the fhafts, and two abreaft before. The wheels are fo made and placed, that the weight principally lies on the perpendi- cular fpoke; the body of the carriage is fhort and rather broad, but made with fuch a curve as to give the load an inclination towards the axle-tree. This cart ferves different ufes; the body conveying dung, coals,&c. while by the addition of fhelvings inthe way juft noticed the different crops can be carried with great facility.

When carts are intended for the quarry, and confequently carrying very heavy weights of folid materials, fuch as broad flat ftones, flates,&c. they fhould be made low and without ledges, in order that they may be loaded and unloaded with care and convenience, and be fufficiently{trong to prevent their giving way under the preffure of fuch loads,

Some ingenious mprovements have lately been made in carts, in order to prevent the too great rapidity of their motion in going down fteep hills, and for adjufting the pofitions of the centre of gravity of the load, fo as to have a fuitable bearing en the horfe, or other animal, which draws them in fuch cafes. The firft has been effected by means of friction on the fides of the wheel, by the application of what is termed a friction-drag, inftead of the ufual inconvenient and dangerous method of locking the wheels: and the latter by a kind of toothed rack faftened to

* Young's Annals of Agriculture, vol. XVUI.

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