£8 Implem ents of Hufbandry.—-Th raj fhing Machines,

enable the different parts to twift round on their proper axis, one forward and the other in a retrograde direCtion. When formed in this way, the cylinders are beft when made of caft-iron.

In the rolling of ground, efpecially when fuch rollers are employed as are com- pofed of one piece only, it is by much the beft method, where it can be accomplifhed, to go round the whole field in fomewhat a fpiral direction, and by that means keep continually proceeding without the neceflity of making fhort turns; and in rolling down grafs feeds with corn crops, this mode is in general to be ee; but grafs lands may be rolled in any direction, though the mode of rolling ridges feparately _ is evidently more troublefome than that of crofling them.

THRASHING-MACHINES.

Tue thrafhing of corn, by means of machinery, has been long in ufe in the northern:

diftricts of the kingdom, and mills of this fort are now becoming general in moft parts of the country; and upon arable farms of confiderable extent they cannot but be highly advantageous, as they fave much labour and expence. In the making of thofe machines, attention fhould always be had to the fize of the farms, or rather the

quantity of grain that may be grown on them, and the mill proportioned accord:

ingly. They are moftly conftructed on the principles of the flax-mill, and are moved either by water or horfes, the firft by far the beft method where it can be had; che grain by thefe machines being, as it were,{wingled out of the ears by means of beaters which are attached to a cylinder that moves with very great velocity. Since the introduction of thefe machines, many improvements have been made on them;. a{creen has been added for the grain to pafs through into a winnowing-machine, and a circular rake to remove the ftraw from it; as before this addition the ftraw was forced out from the beater upon the upper barn floor, and’ required much time and labour in fhaking and putting into order, which by this contrivance is faved.. In working thefe mills, four perfons are commonly neceflary; one takes the fheaf from the flack, another places it ready for the third who is to feed the mill, and the fourth removes the ftraw to prevent its colle€ting in too large a quantity. It has. been objected to thefe machines, that they do not thrafh fome forts of grain clean;

this has been partic pot the cafe with barley. It is, however, obferved by an

intelligent writer, that the circumftance on which the good thrafhing of this kind of

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eee depends, is the iron ¢ overing under which the beating wheel, having fix beaters, moves: in fome machines this j is fixed, while the beating wheel is capable

af hk Ino raife Jo y¢ Tod eafiire 1 of being raifed or deprefied at pleafure; but a recent improvement is to render the