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Implements of Hujbandry.—Two-Furrow-Ploughs. 9

but little more ftrength in the team. Ploughs of this kind are made either with or with- out wheels. It is, however, obferved by the inventor or improver of them, that-thofe which he has contrived, from the clean fharpened conftruction of the breaft and throat, will be enabled to break up deep{tiff land with infinite fuccefs; in which cafe, the coulters fhould, he fays, be fet nearly ftraight with the throat and fhares; but that in crofs-ploughing or ftirring, they may be fet three-fourths of an inch to- wards the land, by which greater difpatch may be obtained in feed time. Should they carry too deep a furrow, the correftion of their fhares, he obferves, is obvious; but if they hug too much to the land, or go unfteady to the ploughman, it muft proceed from a want of fetting them true, relatively to each other, and from an undue regulation of the cops, as in this a nice attention is required. It may fugeeft itfelf, he further remarks, that two-furrow-ploughs are unfit for hilly

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ground; but he thinks the very reverfe is the cafe. The effect, he fays, of ploughing acrofs the inclined plain or hill, is that of carrying the foil in time to the bottom of- the field, which muft be carried bodily up again at a great expence: let fuch land, fays he, be therefore worked from top to bottom; one furrow being carried with the hindmoft or land fhare up the hill, and two down, fo that the power may be apportioned to the weight with which it has to contend, and the needlefs toil to the team be faved. That power which was required to carry two furrows up, would be fuperfluous in carrying the fame down the hill; and the effect will be as three to four, or an acre and a half inftead of two acres in a day. And as deep ploughing is not much required, except where the cultivation of tap-rooted plants are intended; he thinks that two-furrow-ploughs, though they fhould be deemed incapable of carrying a deep furrow, which, he contends, is far from the truth, mutt come into admirable effect, as a twofold advantage can be taken of the feafon in fowing, and the bufinefs being done at half the expence. But where long ufage, and the convenience of conftant road, confine perfons to teams of heavy corn-eating cart- horfes, thefe ploughs become objects of great importance; becaufe their teams will not, he conceives, feel the difference between their common fingle-furrow working one acre, and the well-conftru@ted two-furrow plough with two acres a-day. Itis remarked in addition to this, that fome of the midland counties, as Leicefter and Stafford, have been greatly benefited, under thefe circumftances, by the ufe of thefe ploughs, although they have not been fo conftruéted in the throat and breaft as to leffen the means of refiftance. And obtufity in thefe parts not only adds incalcu- lably to the weight, but is liable to break the furrow, and thus fpoil the work. It may likewife be obferved, that removing refiftance, not only removes the labour c